Influence of Background Composition of the Diet on Lipemic Effect of Fish Oil Versus Corn Oil in Rats

Herman, Marjani Susilowati (1991) Influence of Background Composition of the Diet on Lipemic Effect of Fish Oil Versus Corn Oil in Rats. UNSPECIFIED thesis, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Gizi dan Makanan.

Abstract

The objective of the present studies was to find out whether the lipemic effect of dietary fish oil versus corn oil would be affected by the background composition of the diet. For this purpose, a total of 192, male Wistar rats (Hsd/ Cpb:WU) three weeks of age were used in a series of four experiments. In each experiment, 48 rats were divided randomly 12 rats each. The rats were fed diets containing either fish oil or corn oil but different background compositions. The variables of the background diet were: the amount of fat (low versus high), the type of carbohydrate (glucose versus sucrose), the amount of cholesterol (low versus high), and the type of protein (casein versus soy protein). Each experiment consisted of four dietary groups, two of which received either fish oil or corn oil in the diets. The diets contained either 12% (w/w) of menhaden oil or corn oil. The menhaden oil contained approximately 14% eicosapentaenoic and 8% docosahexaenoic acid and the corn oil contained about 56% linoleic acid. The experimental diets were given for two weeks in each experiment. It was found that the hypotriglyceridemic effect of fish oil versus corn oil was not influenced by the background composition of the diet. The hypocholesterolemic effect of fish oil versus corn oil did depend on the background composition of the diet. Addition of coconut fat to the diet at the expense of an isocaloric amount of sucrose resulted in a diminished hypocholesterolemic effect of fish oil. The hypocholesterolemic effect of fish oil versus corn oil was not influenced by the type of carbohydrate (glucose versus sucrose) in the background diet. Upon the addition of 1% (w/w) of cholesterol to the diets, irrespective of whether casein or soy protein was the protein source, no cholesterol lowering effect of fish oil versus corn oil was observed. It can be concluded that the lipemic effect of fish oil versus corn oil can be influenced by the background composition of the diet. This conclusion should be qualified it holds for the hypocholesterolemic but not for the hypotriglyceridemic effect of fish oil.; This implies that the composition of the background diet should be considered when comparing the cholesterolemic effects of fish oil in various experiments

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