Health reproductive problems could not be avoided from cultural problems especially gender discrimination. In many developing countries, paternalistic system causes mothers more attention to husband and children health rather than herself although she is in pregnant or in lactating condition. It affects high maternal mortality and morbidity rate.
The research is an ethnographic study which was conducted in the two new settlements namely Kwamki Lama village for Amungme tribe or mountain tribe and Nayaro village for Kamoro tribe or coastal tribe. The main informant of this study was five mothers of Amungme tribe and five mothers of Kamoro tribe. They were in stages lactating period (one year post delivery). Other informants were mothers ' families, neighbors, cadres, tribe heads, midwives, nurses and doctors. Data was collected by in-depth interviews, participant observations and documentations.
The findings of this research: there were some cultural and behavior differences between the two tribes such as; seeking material offood location, main food, delivery location and helping personnel. People of the two tribes believed that seeking daily foodfor family is women 's responsibility, while much dietary taboos/myths must be followed. Likewise pregnancy and delivery are women 's affairs, and the blood during delivery might cause dangerous diseases for men and children. The conclusion is some cultural themes might bring disadvantages to the mothers ' reproductive health due to lack ofgender equity.