DISTRIBUSI DAN FAKTOR RESIKO LINGKUNGAN PENULARAN LEPTOSPIROSIS DI KABUPATEN DEMAK, JAWA TENGAH

D.H, Farida and Ristiyanto, Ristiyanto (2008) DISTRIBUSI DAN FAKTOR RESIKO LINGKUNGAN PENULARAN LEPTOSPIROSIS DI KABUPATEN DEMAK, JAWA TENGAH. Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 18 (4). pp. 193-201. ISSN 0853-9987

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Abstract

The study of distribution and risk factors of leptospirosis was conducted in Bonang Sub district, Demak Regency in May - July 2006. This study aimed to discover the distrtbution and risk factors of leptospirosis incidence using cross sectional approach. The leptospirosis cases were determined by peripher blood test using leptotek lateral flow, while leptotek dri-dot was used to test rodent blood. The distributions of cases and leptospires reservoir were analyzed by a mapping program GIS and the characteristic of leptospirosis cases were identified using questionnaire. The result showed that leptospirosis cases spread randomly along Tuntang Lama River and cored in Bonang sub district (Tridonorejo and Gebang villages). The distance between leptospires buffer zone and river was about < 50 meters {21 cases), 50 - 100 meters {8 cases) and 100 meters {4 cases). The leptospirosis incidence more prevalent in man {74,8%) than woman (25, 2%). The leptospirosis cases were 15 years old or more {87,4%), their occupation were farmer or fisherman (52,6%), housewife (36,2%) and seller (20%). Their house were easy entered by rats 74,6% (RR; 23,6-33,2). The people who got leptospires common using water from the river for their daily activities 83,2% (RR; 15,4-17,6) and they have not any cattle 82,5% (RR.; 1,6-4, 7). During the survey was found 57 rats, such as Rattus tanezumi 36 rats, Norway rats, R. norvegicus 21 rats and the insectivore Suncus murinus 15 rats. In addition, R. tanezumi and R. norvegicus were found infected by leptospires and they were estimated as leptospirosis reservoir.

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