Studi Evaluasi Eliminasi Filariasis di Indonesia Tahun 2017 (Studi Multisenter Filariasis) di Kabupaten Donggala (Daerah Endemis Brugia malayi Non-Zoonotik) (Laporan Penelitian)

Nurjana, Made Agus and Wijaya, Junus and Mujiyanto, Mujiyanto (2017) Studi Evaluasi Eliminasi Filariasis di Indonesia Tahun 2017 (Studi Multisenter Filariasis) di Kabupaten Donggala (Daerah Endemis Brugia malayi Non-Zoonotik) (Laporan Penelitian). Project Report. Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pengendalian Penyakit Bersumber Binatang (P2B2) Donggala, Donggala.

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Abstract

Beggining of 2017 Donggala District has implemented TAS-1 using rapid diagnostic test / RDT (brugia rapid testTM) and the evaluation results show that Donggala District passed the first TAS stage. The successful implementation of TAS-1 in Donggala regency is inseparable from the role of related aspects in Donggala District, therefore it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study in order to know various aspects related to the success of Donggala District in implementing the first TAS in order to eliminate filariasis.
Cross-sectional study was conducted to find out various aspects that support the successful implementation of TAS-1 in Donggala District. Activities include indepth interviews, finger blood surveys, stool surveys, Brugia malayi DNA detections, KAP surveys, mosquito surveys, and environmental surveys. Indept interviews were conducted at provincial, district, puskesmas and village level, while finger blood survey, stool survey, Brugia malayi DNA detection, KAP survey, mosquitoes survey, and environmental survey were conducted in two locations that were found to be positive TAS- 1 ie Village kabonga Kecil, Kee. Banawa and Sabang Village, Kec. Dampelas Donggala District.
The results showed that of 638 people examined there was no clinical evidence of fiariasis and the blood test results were entirely negative. Of the 153 primary school children taken by stool samples, the result was 45 positive children (29.41%) of worms, 20 children taken blood samples for examination of Brugia malayi DNA detection. The people interviewed by KAP as many as 659 people showed low knowledge, good attitude and behavior related to filariasis. Indep interview shows an important concern for the implementation offilariasis elimination in Donggala District Mosquitoes caught as many as 2978 of the genus of mansonia, culex, aedes, anopheles, armigeres, uranotaenia, coquilettidia and aedomvia, PCR examination results show all negative mosquito Brugia malayi. The mosquito habitat environment is: tree hole, pond, rice .field, scrap, excavation of mine, river, drainage, puddles, swamps, ponds pits, springs, boats, water tanks,wells, coconut shells, and used tins.
Implementation of the program in the framework of elimination filariasis in Donggala district get support from all aspects of both central and local government Monitoring and evaluation of program implementation by the local government should be encouraged so that the second and third stage TAS evaluation will also succeed so that the 2020 target of Donggala District obtained certificate of filariasis elimination from the Ministry of Health can be achieved

Abstrak:

Path awal tahun 2017, Kabupaten Donggala telah melaksanakan TAS-1 dengan menggunakan rapid diagnostic test/RDT (brugia rapid testr" ) dan hashl evaluasi menunjukkan Kabupaten Donggala dinyatakan lulus TAS tahap pertama. Keberhasilan pelaksananaan TAS-1 di kabupaten Donggala tidak terlepas dari peran serta aspek terkait di Kabupaten Donggala, oleh karena itu perlu dilaksanakan suatu studi yang menyeluruh guna mengetahui berbagai aspek terkait dengan keberhasilan Kabupaten Donggala dalam melaksanakan TAS tahap pertama dalam rangka menuju eliminasi filariasis.
Studi Cross sectional dilakukan untuk mengetahui berbagai aspek yang mendukung keberhasilan pelaksanaan TAS-1 di Kabupaten Donggala. Kegiatan meliputi wawancara mendalatn (indept interview), survei darah jari, stool survey, deteksi DNA Brugia malayi, survei KAP, survei nyamuk, dan survei linglcungan. Indept interview dilakukan pada tingkat provinsi, kabupaten, puskesmas hingga kelurahan/desa sedangkan kegiatan survei darah jari, stool survey, deteksi DNA Brugia malayi, survei KAP, survei nyamuk, dan survei lingkungan di lakukan di dua lokasi yang merupakan daerah ditemukan penderta positif TAS-1 yaitu Kelurahan kabonga Kecil, Kec. Banawa dan Desa Sabang, Kec. Dampelas Kabupaten Donggala. Basil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dan 638 masyarakat yang diperiksa tidal( ada yang menunjukkan gejala klinis fiariasis dan hasil pemeriksaan darah seluruhnya negatif. Dari 153 anak Sekolah Dasar yang diambil sampel tinja hasilnya 45 anak positif (29,41%) kecacingan, 20 anak diambil sampel darah untuk diperilcsa deteksi DNA Brugia malayi hasilnya negatif. Masyarakat diwawancara KAP sebanyak 659 orang menunjukkan pengetahun masih rendah, sikap dan perilaku cukup baik terkait filariasis. Indep interview menunjukkan adanya perhatian penting terhadap pelaksanaan eliminasi filariasis di Kabupaten Donggala. Nyamuk tertangkap sebanyak 2978 ekor dari genus mansonia, culex, aedes, anopheles, annigeres, uranotaenia, coquilettidia dan aedomvia, hasil pemeriksaan PCR menunjukkan selunth nyamuk negatif Brugia malayi. Linglcungan habitat nyamuk yaitu: lubang pohon, kolam, sawah, barang bekas, bekas galian tambang,
sungai, saluran air, genangan air, rawa, tambak, lubang kaleng bekas.
galian, mata air, perahu, penampungan air, ban bekas, sumur, batok kelapa, dan Pelaksanaan program dalam rangka eliminasi filariasis di kabupaten Donggala mendapat dukungan dan i segala aspek baik pemerintah pusat maupun daerah. Monitoring dan evaluasi pelaksanaan program oleh pemerintah daerah harus terus digalakkan agar evaluasi TAS tahap kedua dan ketiga juga berhasil lulus sehingga target tahun 2020 Kabupaten Donggala mendapatkan sertifikat eliminasi filariasis dan i Kementerian Kesehatan dapat tercapai.

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