Studi Evaluasi Eliminasi Filariasis di Indonesia Tahun 2017 (Studi Multisenter Filariasis) di Kabupaten Enrekang (Daerah Endemis Brugia malayi Non-Zoonotik) (Laporan Penelitian)

Chadijah, Sitti and Nurjana, Made Agus and Wijaya, Junus (2017) Studi Evaluasi Eliminasi Filariasis di Indonesia Tahun 2017 (Studi Multisenter Filariasis) di Kabupaten Enrekang (Daerah Endemis Brugia malayi Non-Zoonotik) (Laporan Penelitian). Project Report. Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pengendalian Penyakit Bersumber Binatang (P2B2) Donggala, Donggala.

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Abstract

Enrekang Regency has been declared pass TAS-3 in 2016, and even has received the certificate of Elephantiasis free from Ministry of Health in 2017. This study aimed to
thoroughly identify various aspects related to the succes of Enrekang Regency in implementing the third TAS in order to elimination of filariasis.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the various aspects that support the successful implementation of TAS-3 in Enrekang Regency. The study was done by indepth interview,
finger blood survey, stool survey, DNA Brugia malayi detection, KAP-survey, entomoligical
survey, and also environmental survey. The indepth interview was conducted on provincial, regency, primary health care, and village level. The blood survey, stool survey, DNA Brugia
malayi detection, KAP-survey, entomoligical survey, and also environmental survey were
conducted in two sentinel areas, i.e Potokullin Village, Buntu Batu District, and Parombean Village, Curio District, Enrekang Regency.
The results showed that there was no filariasis symptoms from 620 examined people, and all blood survey were negatif filariasis. From 158 school children stool surveyed, there
was two (1,26%) samples positive soil transmitted helminths. From those samples were collected 20 for whole blood samples for DNA Brugia malayi detection, and the results were negative People who surveyed for KAY were 632 samples. They showed a quite good of the knowledge, attitude, and practise about filariasis. The indepth interview showed there were important atention from various sectors in implementation of filariasis elimination in Enekang Regency. There was 1.801 mosquitoes- collected from the entomological survey. They were from genus Mansonia, (julex, Aedes, Anopheles, and Annigeres. PCR result showed that Culex vishnui was positive DNA of Brugia malayi. The breeding place habitat of mosquitoes
were found surrounding the blood survey sample settlement, ie: paddy-field, pond, the spring, a long side river, the puddle, and also bamboo grove.
The programm implementation to filariasis elimination in Enrekang Regency has supported from all aspects, both of central and local government. Monitoring and evaluation
of programm implementation by local government, especially Health Office has to be
encouraged continously to maintain the filariasis elimination certificate from Ministry of Health, and can obtain the elephantiasis free from WHO.

Abstrak :
Kabupaten Enrekang telah dinyatakan lulus TAS-3 pada tahun 2016, bahkan telah menerima sertifikat daerah bebas kaki gajah oleh kementerian kesehatan pada tahun 2017. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara menyeluruh berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan
keberhasilan Kabupaten Enrekang dalam melaksanakan TAS tahap ketiga dalam ranglca menuju eliminasi filariasis.
Studi Cross sectional dilakulcan untuk mengetahui berbagai aspek yang mendukung keberhasilan pelaksanaan TAS-3 di Kabupaten Enrekang. Kegiatan meliputi wawancara mendalam (indept interview), survei darah jari (SDJ), stool survey, deteksi DNA Brugia malayi, survei KAP, survei nyamuk, dan survei lingkungan. Indept interview dilalculcan pada tingkat provinsi, kabupaten, puskesmas hingga kelurahan/desa sedangkan kegiatan SDJ, stool survey, deteksi DNA Brugia malayi, survei KAP, survei nyamuk, dan gavel linglamgan di lakukan di dua lokasi yang merupakan daerah sentinel yaitu Desa Potokullin, Kecamatan buntu Bath dan Desa Parombean, Kecamatan Curio Kabupaten Enrekang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dan i 620 masyaralcat yang diperiksa tidak ada yang menunjukkan gejala klinis fiariasis dan hash l pemeriksaan darah seluruhnya negatif. Dani 158 anak Sekolah Dasar yang diambil sampel tinja hasilnya dua anak positif (1,26%) kecacingan, 20 anak diambil sampel darah untuk diperiksa deteksi DNA Brugia malayi hasiinya negatif Masyaralcat diwawancara KAP sebanyak 632 orang menunjuklcan pengetahun , sikap dan perilaku cukup baik terkait filariasis. Indep interview menunjuldcan adanya perhatian penting berbagai pihak terhadap pelaksanaan eliminasi filariasis di Kabupaten Enrakng. Nyamuk tertangkap sebanyak 1.801 nyamuk dan i genus Mansonia, Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, dan Arinigeres. Hasil pemerilcsaan PCR menunjukkan Culex vishnui positif mengandung DNA Brugia malayi. Lingkungan habitat nyamuk yang ditemukan di sekitar rumah penduduk yang menjadi sampel SDJ yaitu: sawah, kolam, mata
air, tepi sungai, genangan air, dan rumpun bambu.
Pelalcsanaan program dalam rangka eliminasi filariasis di Kabupaten Enrekang mendapat dukungan dan i segala aspek baik pemerintah pusat maupun daerah. Monitoring dan evaluasi pelaksanaan program oleh pemerintah daerah khususnya Dinas Kesehatan terus digalaldcan agar dapat mempertahankan sertifikat eliminasi filariasis yang sudah diterima dani Kementerian Kesehatan, dan dapat memperoleh sertifikat bebas kaki gajah dan i WHO.

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