Besaran Masalah Low Vision dan Kebutaan di Indonesia Serta Faktor Terkait

Rif'ati, Lutfah (2009) Besaran Masalah Low Vision dan Kebutaan di Indonesia Serta Faktor Terkait. Project Report. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bio Medis dan Farmasi.

Abstract

Basic Health Research (BHR) 2007 conducted in 2007-2008 had main objective describing Indonesians health status in general. Low vision and blindness prevalences were determined based on visual acuity measurement by well-trained enumerator. A stratified two stage cluster sampling design was used to randomly select primary and secondary sampling units in urban, and three stage cluster sampling design was used in rural. Interviews, visual acuity tests with and without pinhole, and anterior segment of eye examinations on all individuals (six year and above) in the sampled households were performed. Independent variables including sociodemographic factors and systemic and local diseases (diabetes mellitus and glaucoma history) were tested bivariately and continued with multivariate logistic regression test. There were 760,650 Indonesian people (94,9% response rate) were examinated. The blindness proportion was 0.9%,and was lower compared to the prior data (2001, 1.21%), and the low vision proportion was 4.8% nationally. The sociodemographic factors included age, sex. Formal education, occupation, rora urban, and households' expenditure, and also diabetes mellitus and glaucoma history were associated with low vision and either with blindness prevalences. Cataract, corneal scar, and strabismus were the main factors influencing the low vision and blindness prevalences, in particular for people 30 year old and above. The low vision and blindness proportions are still high in Indonesia and the main causes are correctable, operable and avoidable. Glaucoma early detection needs to be performed as a basic eye-care service in the primary helath centers.

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