Fauna Anopheles di Tapanuli Selatan dan Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara

ldris-ldram, N. Sushanti and SUdomo, M. and Djana, I.G. Wayan and Empi, Sunardi (2002) Fauna Anopheles di Tapanuli Selatan dan Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan, 30 (4). ISSN 0125-9695

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Abstract

The study was carried out from 1993 to 1996, in Aek Badak Jae village of Batang Angkola sub-district of South Tapanuli district and Sihepeng village of Siabu sub-district of Mandailing Natal district, North Sumatera Province. The objectives of the study were to identify anoplielines species, biting behavior, resting behavior and its breeding places. The anophelines were caught in both indoors and outdoors by night-landing collections, nightresting collections, light-trap collections and morning-resting collections. The larval surveys were done in all suspected habitats, such as: rice fields, fishponds and other water bodies in the villages in a radius of six km. The results showed that ten species of anophelines were collected i.e Anopheles barbirostris, An. kochi, An.lesteriparaliae, An. maculatus, An. nigerrimus, An. separatus, An. sinensis, An. sundaicus, An. tesselatus and An. umbrosus. There were three predominant species as compared to the other species, i.e An. kochi, An. nigerrimus and An. sundaicus. It was 20.0%, 6.3% and 11.0% respectively in Aek Badak Jae while, 16.8%, 46.% and 36.0% respectively for those three species in Sihepeng. The biting behavior of those three species were exophagic but resting behavior were so far unknown. Those three species were also caught around animal shelters. The anophelines larvae were found throughout the year with the peak abundance in March and October. Four species of anophelines larvae were identified, i.e. An. nigerrimus, An. sundaicus, An. barbirostris and An. kochi. Their breeding places were fishponds and rice fields with dense of aquatic plants, such as: Salvinia natans, Azolla pinnata, Pistia stratiotes, Hydrilla verticilata and Enteromorpha. Anopheles nigerrimus and An. sundaicus were frequently found in fishponds. Anopheles barbirostris was found in either fishponds or ricefields and An. kochi was found only in rice fields. Those data are very useful for planning malaria control programs in the area.

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