Pengobatan Artesunat pada Penderita Malaria Falsiparum Tanpa Komplikasi di Daerah Resisten Multidrug

Tjitra, Emiliana and Oemijati, Sri and Pribadi, Wita and Arbani, P.R. (1993) Pengobatan Artesunat pada Penderita Malaria Falsiparum Tanpa Komplikasi di Daerah Resisten Multidrug. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan, 21 (3). ISSN 0125-9695

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Abstract

A treatment trial of artesunate for uncomplicated falciparum malaria cases was conducted at ITCI Hospital, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in November 1992- Januari 1993. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy and safety of artesunate. Thirty eight falciparum malaria patients who had been selected according to criteria for the in vivo sensitivity test were treated orally with 100 mg artesunate 12 hourly on D0 and followed 50 mg 12 hourly on D1-4. All patients were hospitalized until declared cured clinically and prasitologically. The most prevalent clinical symptoms of these malaria patients were fever (84.2%), headache (81.6%), nausea (73.7%) and splenomegaly (71.0%). The cure rates of artesunate were 100% (38/38 and 28/28) on D7 and D14, but on D21 and D28 there were 88.2% (15/17) and 75% (6/8) because of the presence of late R1 cases. The mean fever clearance time (FCT) and parasite clearance time (PCT) were as fellows 15.1 1.8 h and 32.1 3.0 h (D7), 14.1 2.2 h and 33.3 3.8 h (D14), 15.7 3.0 h and 37.6 5.6 h (D21), 14.0 4.6 h and 32.0 5.9 h (D28) respectively. No side effect was found clinically and laboratory examinations. Artesunate is effective and safe for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria until D14 in a multidrug resistant area. A sequential combination of artesunate and other antimalarial drugs should be studied to achieve a radiccal cure.

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