Karakteristik Ulkus Diabetikum pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di RSUD dr. Zainal Abidin dan RSUD Meuraxa Banda Aceh (CHARACTERISTICS OF ULCER AMONG DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENT IN RSUD dr. ZAINAL ABIDIN AND RSUD MEURAXA BANDA ACEH)

Eka Fitria, EF and Abidah Nur, AN and Nelly Marissa, NM and Nur Ramadhan, NR (2017) Karakteristik Ulkus Diabetikum pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di RSUD dr. Zainal Abidin dan RSUD Meuraxa Banda Aceh (CHARACTERISTICS OF ULCER AMONG DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENT IN RSUD dr. ZAINAL ABIDIN AND RSUD MEURAXA BANDA ACEH). Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan, 45 (3). pp. 153-160. ISSN e-ISSN 2338-3453

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Abstract

Abstract
Diabetic mellitus remains prevalent in the world. It is a condition of hyperglycemia which are at
risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications. One of diabetes complications is diabetic
ulcers caused by loss of sensation of pain due to neuropathy. The research objective was to assess
the characteristics of ulcers in diabetic patients in two general hospitals in Banda Aceh with cross
sectional study design with purposive sampling. This study planned to observe a number of 215
diabetic patients. There were 57 people with diabetic ulcers including inpatients and outpatients
in two general hospitals in Banda Aceh in the period November- December 2015. Observations
were made to assess characteristics of ulcer sufferers. The result showed characteristics of Meggitt
Wagner grade 1 ulcer criteria who were dominated by women. Other characteristics included the
number of ulcer in only one place, location on foot, minimal exudate, such as a cliff-edged ulcer, skin
around the ulcer has minimal inflammation in red pale, ulcer without pain and without maceration.
Patients with diabetic ulcers should always observe hygiene, foot health and wound care.

Abstrak
Diabetes mellitus masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. DM merupakan kondisi meningkatnya
kadar gula darah yang berisiko menimbulkan komplikasi makrovaskular dan mikrovaskular.
Prevalensi DM terus meningkat di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu komplikasi DM
adalah ulkus diabetikum yang terjadi akibat berkurangnya sensasi nyeri karena neuropati. Tujuan
penelitian adalah menilai karakteristik ulkus pada penderita DM di dua rumah sakit umum Kota
Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan
sampel adalah secara purposive. Penelitian ini direncanakan mengamati ulkus diabetikum pada 215
pasien DM. Sampel yang didapatkan berjumlah 57 orang penderita ulkus diabetikum yang dirawat
dan berobat jalan di dua rumah sakit umum Banda Aceh periode November sampai Desember
2015. Pengamatan dilakukan untuk menilai karakteristik ulkus yang diderita oleh responden. Hasil
penelitian didapatkan karakteristik ulkus diabetikum kriteria Meggitt Wagner grade 1 didominasi
oleh perempuan. Karakteristik lainnya berturut-turut adalah jumlah ulkus hanya pada satu tempat,
lokasi di kaki, eksudat minimal, ulkus bertepi seperti tebing, kulit di sekitar ulkus dengan inflamasi
minimal berwarna merah muda, ulkus tanpa nyeri dan tanpa maserasi. Penderita ulkus diabetikum
hendaknya selalu memperhatikan kebersihan, kesehatan kaki dan melakukan perawatan luka.

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